The ancient Earldom of Lennox included Stirlingshire: Perthshire: Large parts of Renfrewshire: and the whole of Dumbartonshire. The Earls of Lennox became joined to the Royal house of Stewart.

Ruled by one of the Celtic princes known as Mormaers the district of old Levanax (what is mainly Dumbartonshire to-day) was an important part of Scotland. From it arose the powerful Earldom of Lennox which became part of the Royal House of Stewart. The ancient principality of the Lennox, embraced much of Loch Lomond in medieval times.

Late 13th Century The Earls of Lennox were among the most powerful nobles in the realm. The 5th Earl, Malcom supported the Bruce claim to the crown of Scotland.

Lennox fell victim to James I's hatred of all those connected to Murdoch, Duke of Albany, following the murder of the king's brother. This resulted in the execution of both Albany and Lennox in 1425. The succession of title disputed, the lands were divided.

John, Lord Darnley assumed the title of Earl of Lennox in 1488 and sat in the first Parliament of James IV. In 1503, Matthew, the second Stewart Earl of Lennox, obtained from James IV the hereditary sheriffdom of Dunbartonshire, which was made an adjunct of the earldom. In 1513, Matthew, along with the Earl of Argyll, commanded the right wing of the Scots army at Flodden, where he was slain. The younger son of the fourth Stewart Earl was Henry, Lord Darnley, the unfortunate husband of Mary, Queen of Scots. Darnley, who became King Henry upon his marriage, was later murdered, an act which was one of the factors leading to his widow being deposed, and set in motion the events which led to her execution at Fotheringay Castle.

In the 19th Century, the Lennox's of Woodhead, later of Lennox Castle near Strathblane, claimed the right to succeed to the Title and Honours of the ancient Earls of Lennox, and although their claim to the peer-age was never established, they were recognised as Chief of the name.

The present Duke of Richmond, Gordon and Lennox, proprietor of the famous Goodwood Race Course, is Charles lennox¹s direct descendent. In the nineteenth century the Lennoxes of Woodhead, later of Lennox Castle near Glasgow, claimed the right to succeed to the title and honours of the ancient Earls of Lennox, and although their claim to the peerage was never established, they were recognised as chief family of the name. The family sold Lennox Castle in 1927, and their chief seat became Downton Castle near Ludlow. The present chief is in the almost unique position of having his grandmother, Madam Kincaid of Kincaid, as a fellow member of the Council of Chiefs.

Remains of the Lennox Stronghold can be still seen on Inchmurrin Island.